استانداردهای نفت ایران

Standards@nioc.org :اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﭘﺴﺖGeneral Definitions:
Throughout this Standard the following
definitions shall apply.
ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ:
در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ زﻳﺮﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ رود.
Company :
Refers to one of the related and/or affiliated
companies of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum
such as National Iranian Oil Company, National
Iranian Gas Company, and National
Petrochemical Company etc.
ﺷﺮﻛﺖ :
ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ و واﺑﺴﺘﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ
ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان ، ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز اﻳﺮان، ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ
ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ وﻏﻴﺮه اﻃﻼق ﻣﻴﺸﻮد.
Purchaser :
Means the “Company" Where this standard is
part of direct purchaser order by the “Company”,
and the “Contractor” where this Standard is a part
of contract documents.
ﺧﺮﻳﺪار:
ﻳﻌﻨﻲ "ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﺳﻔﺎرش
ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ آن "ﺷﺮﻛﺖ" ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ و ﻳﺎ "ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎري" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ
اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﻗﺮاردادآن اﺳﺖ .
Vendor And Supplier:
Refers to firm or person who will supply and/or
fabricate the equipment or material.
ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪهوﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪه:
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮدﻛﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات و ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎي
ﻣﻮردﻟﺰوم ﺻﻨﻌﺖ را ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ .
Contractor:
Refers to the persons, firm or company whose
tender has been accepted by the company,
ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎر:
ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ ، ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدش
ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﻣﺰاﻳﺪه ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎ او ﻗﺮارداد ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ
ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ.
Executor :
Executor is the party which carries out all or part
of construction and/or commissioning for the
project.
ﻣﺠﺮي:
ﻣﺠﺮي ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﻃﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از
ﻛﺎرﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ و ﻳﺎ راه اﻧﺪازي ﭘﺮوژه را اﻧﺠﺎمدﻫﺪ.
Inspector :
The Inspector referred to in this Standard is a
person/persons or a body appointed in writing by
the company for the inspection of fabrication and
installation work
ﺑﺎزرس:
در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺑﺎزرس ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮدﻳﺎﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﻃﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮدﻛﻪ
ﻛﺘﺒﺎً ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﻧﺼﺐ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Shall:
Is used where a provision is mandatory.
ﺑﺎﻳﺪ:
ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎمآن اﺟﺒﺎري اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهﻣﻴﺸﻮد.
Should
Is used where a provision is advisory only.
ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ:
ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ ﺿﺮورتاﻧﺠﺎمآن ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد.
Will:
Is normally used in connection with the action
by the “Company” rather than by a contractor,
supplier or vendor.
ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ:
ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس
ﻧﻈﺎرتﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
May:
Is used where a provision is completely
discretionary.
ﻣﻤﻜﻦاﺳﺖ :
ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎمآن اﺧﺘﻴﺎري ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ .IPS-E-TP-780(1)
ENGINEERING STANDARD
FOR
CHEMICAL CONTROL OF CORROSIVE
ENVIRONMENTS
FIRST REVISION
APRIL 2010
اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ
ﺑﺮاي
ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎيﺧﻮرﻧﺪه
وﻳﺮاﻳﺶاول
ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ1389
This Standard is the property of Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
All rights are reserved to the owner. Neither whole nor any
part of this document may be disclosed to any third party,
reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in
any form or by any means without the prior written consent of
the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ. ﺗﻤﺎم ﺣﻘﻮق آن
ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ آن ﺑﻮده و ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪون رﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺘﺒﻲ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ
اﻳﺮان، ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ، ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﺎ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ
ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ،ذﺧﻴﺮه ﺳﺎزي، اﻧﺘﻘﺎل، ﻳﺎ روش دﻳﮕﺮي در اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻓﺮاد
ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻗﺮارﮔﻴﺮد.April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
1
CONTENTS:
Page
No.
ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ:
GENERAL:
ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ:
1. SCOPE..........................................................................6
1- داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد....................................................................6
2. REFERENCES..........................................................6
6............................................................................ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ -2
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY...........10
3- ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ وواژﮔﺎن...........................................................10
4. UNITS...........................................................................17
17............................................................................واﺣﺪﻫﺎ -4
PART ONE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
FOR CONTROLLING OF CORROSIVE
ENVIRONMENTS:
ﺑﺨﺶﻳﻚاﻟﺰاﻣﺎتﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲﺑﺮايﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎيﺧﻮرﻧﺪه:
1. SCOPE..........................................................................19
1- داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد...................................................................19
2. REFERENCES..........................................................19
19............................................................................ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ -2
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY...........19
3- ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ وواژﮔﺎن...........................................................19
4. UNITS...........................................................................19
19...........................................................................واﺣﺪﻫﺎ -4
5. GENERAL RULES FOR CORROSION
CONTROL..................................................................19
19...........................ﻗﻮاﻧﻴﻦﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲﺑﺮايﻛﻨﺘﺮلﺧﻮردﮔﻲ -5
6. TYPES OF INHIBITORS......................................21
6- اﻧﻮاعﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎ..........................................................21
6.1 Anodic Inhibitors (Passivators)....................21
1-6 ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎيآﻧﺪي(ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻌﺎلﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ).............21
6.2 Cathodic Inhibitors..........................................21
21............................................ﻫﺎيﻛﺎﺗﺪي ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 2-6
6.3 Ohmic Inhibitors...............................................22
22.............................................ﻫﺎياﻫﻤﻲ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 3-6
6.4 Organic Inhibitors............................................22
22.................................................ﻫﺎيآﻟﻲ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 4-6
6.5 Precipitation-Including Inhibitors..............22
22................................ﻫﺎيرﺳﻮبدﻫﻨﺪه ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 5-6
6.6 Vapor Phase Inhibitors...................................22
22..........................................ﻫﺎيﻓﺎزﺑﺨﺎر ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 6-6
7. CORROSIVE ENVIRONMENTS......................23
23.........................................................ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎيﺧﻮرﻧﺪه -7
7.1 Aqueous Systems...............................................23
23.....................................................ﻫﺎيآﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ 1-7April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
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7.2 Strong Acids........................................................23
23.......................................................اﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎيﻗﻮي 2-7
7.3 Non-aqueous Systems......................................23
23..............................................ﻫﺎيﻏﻴﺮآﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ 3-7
7.4 Gaseous Environments....................................24
24....................................................ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎيﮔﺎزي 4-7
7.5 Effect of Elevated Temperatures.................24
24.............................................دﻣﺎﻫﺎيﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ 5-7
8. TECHNIQUES FOR APPLICATION OF
INHIBITORS.............................................................25
8- روﺷﻬﺎيﻓﻨﻲاﻋﻤﺎلﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎ..................................25
8.1 Continuous Injection..........................................25
25..........................................................ﺗﺰرﻳﻖداﺋﻤﻲ 1-8
8.2 Batch Treatment................................................25
25....................................................ﺗﺰرﻳﻖﻧﺎﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ 2-8
8.3 Squeeze Treatment...........................................26
26...................................ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎتﺗﺰرﻳﻖﺗﺤﺖ 3-8
8.4 Volatilization.......................................................26
26....................................................................ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ 4-8
8.5 Coatings................................................................26
26................................................................ﭘﻮﺷﺸﻬﺎ 5-8
9. INHIBITOR MECHANISMS...............................27
27................................................ﺳﺎزوﻛﺎرﻫﺎيﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه -9
9.1 Neutralizing Inhibitors......................................27
27...................................ﻫﺎيﺧﻨﺜﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 1-9
9.2 Filming Inhibitors.............................................27
27.........................................ﻫﺎيﻻﻳﻪﺳﺎز ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 2-9
9.3 Scavengers...........................................................28
28............................................................ﻫﺎ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﻨﺪه 3-9
9.4 Miscellaneous Inhibitors.................................28
28...........................................ﻫﺎيﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 4-9
10. CRITERIA FOR CORROSION CONTROL
BY INHIBITORS.....................................................28
10- ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎيﻛﻨﺘﺮلﺧﻮردﮔﻲﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎ...........28
11. SYSTEM CONDITION........................................29
11- وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ.............................................................29
12. SELECTION OF INHIBITORS........................37
12- اﻧﺘﺨﺎبﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎ.....................................................37
13. ECONOMICS OF INHIBITION......................44
13- اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﺑﺎزداري............................................................44April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
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APPENDICES:
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ:
APPENDIX A.1 BASIC TYPES OF INHIBITORS
AND HOW THEY WORK...... 46
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ-1اﻧﻮاعاﺻﻠﻲﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎوﻧﺤﻮه
ﻛﺎرﻛﺮد آﻧﻬﺎ..................................................46
APPENDIX B.1 ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS........................................69
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ب-1 ﻋﻮاﻣﻞﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ...............................................69
PART TWO SPECIFIES REQURMENTS FOR
COTROLLIMG OF CORROSIVE
ENVIRONMENT INVOLVED IN PETROLEUM
AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES:
ﺑﺨﺶدوﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦاﻟﺰاﻣﺎتﺑﺮايﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎيﺧﻮرﻧﺪه
ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﻧﻔﺖ وﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ:
1. SCOPE..........................................................................83
1- داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد...................................................................83
2. REFERENCES..........................................................83
83............................................................................ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ -2
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY...........83
3- ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ وواژﮔﺎن...........................................................83
4. UNITS...........................................................................83
83...........................................................................واﺣﺪﻫﺎ -4
5. CORROSION PROBLEMS IN PETROLEUM
INDUSTRIES.............................................................83
83.................................ﻣﺸﻜﻼتﺧﻮردﮔﻲدرﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊﻧﻔﺖ -5
5.1 General......................................................................83
83...................................................................ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ 1-5
5.2 Exploration..........................................................83
83..................................................................اﻛﺘﺸﺎف 2-5
5.3 Production...........................................................98
98.....................................................................ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ 3-5
5.4 Transportation and Storage..........................126
126....................................................اﻧﺘﻘﺎلواﻧﺒﺎﺷﺖ 4-5
5.5 Biological Control in Oil and Gas
Systems..................................................................130
5-5 ﻛﻨﺘﺮلزﻳﺴﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎيﻧﻔﺖ وﮔﺎز...130
5.6 Scale Control in Oil Systems.........................136
136......................ﻫﺎيﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻛﻨﺘﺮلرﺳﻮبدرﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ 6-5
5.7 Corrosion Inhibitors in Refineries and
Petrochemical Plants........................................150
7-5 ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎيﺧﻮردﮔﻲدرﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎو
واﺣﺪﻫﺎيﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ.............................................150April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
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APPENDICES:
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ:
APPENDIX A.2 A TYPICAL EVALUATION
METHOD OF OIL FIELD
INHIBITORS INTERNATIONAL
TEST # 2............................................179
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ-2 ﻳﻚﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ روشارزﻳﺎﺑﻲﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎي
ﻣﻴﺪاﻧﻬﺎيﻧﻔﺘﻲآزﻣﻮنﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ
179......................................................... 2 ﺷﻤﺎره
APPENDIX B.2 TEST PROTOCOL FOR HIGH
TEMPERATURE, HIGH
PRESSURE SYSTEMS,
INTERNATIONAL TEST # 1...184
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ب-2 ﻗﻮاﻧﻴﻦآزﻣﻮنﺑﺮايﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎيدﻣﺎيﺑﺎﻻ،ﻓﺸﺎر
ﺑﺎﻻ،آزﻣﻮنﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲﺷﻤﺎره184.....................1
PART THREE SPECIFIES REQURMENTS FOR
CONTROLLING OF CORROSIVE
ENVIRONMENTS INVOLVED IN UTILITY
SYSTEMS:
ﺑﺨﺶﺳﻪ درﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎيآبوﺑﺮقوﺑﺨﺎر:
1. SCOPE..........................................................................188
1- داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد...................................................................188
2. REFERENCES..........................................................188
188............................................................................ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ -2
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY...........188
3- ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ وواژﮔﺎن...........................................................188
4. UNITS...........................................................................188
188...........................................................................واﺣﺪﻫﺎ -4
5. CORROSION CONTROL OF COOLING
WATER SYSTEMS..................................................188
5- ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﺧﻮردﮔﻲﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎيآبﺧﻨﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪه............188
5.1 General......................................................................188
188...................................................................ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ 1-5
5.2 Economics of Cooling Water Corrosion
Control..................................................................189
189............ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﺧﻮردﮔﻲآبﺧﻨﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﻗﺘﺼﺎد 2-5
5.3 Selection of Inhibitor........................................190
190..................................................اﻧﺘﺨﺎبﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 3-5
6. CORROSION CONTROL OF BOILER
SYSTEMS....................................................................191
6- ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﺧﻮردﮔﻲﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎيدﻳﮓﺑﺨﺎر.......................191
6.1 General......................................................................191
191...................................................................ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ 1-6April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
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6.2 Preboiler Corrosion Problems......................191
191....................دﻳﮓﺑﺨﺎر ﻣﺸﻜﻼتﺧﻮردﮔﻲﻗﺒﻞاز 2-6
6.3 Boiler Corrosion Problems............................193
193.........................ﻣﺸﻜﻼتﺧﻮردﮔﻲدﻳﮕﻬﺎيﺑﺨﺎر 3-6
6.4 Postboiler Corrosion Phenomena................199
4-6 ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ﺧﻮردﮔﻲﺑﻌﺪ از دﻳﮓﺑﺨﺎر.........................199
6.5 Corrosion Control of Boiler Systems..........201
201..............ﻫﺎيدﻳﮓﺑﺨﺎر ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﺧﻮردﮔﻲﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ 5-6
6.6 Selection of Inhibitors......................................223
223..............................................ﻫﺎ اﻧﺘﺨﺎبﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 6-6
7. TREATMENT OF ACID SYSTEMS.................224
7- ﺑﻬﺴﺎزيﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎياﺳﻴﺪي........................................224
7.1 Industrial Exposures of Metals to Acids...224
224..........................ﻓﻠﺰاتﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲدرﻣﻌﺮضاﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎ 1-7
7.2 Selection of Inhibitors......................................228
228...............................................ﻫﺎ اﻧﺘﺨﺎبﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه 2-7
APPENDICES:
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ :
APPENDIX A.3 PREDICTING SCALE
FORMATION......................... 229
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ-3 ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞرﺳﻮب.........................229
APPENDIX B.3 CHEMICAL CLEANING OF
PROCESS EQUIPMENT...........247
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ب-3ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮيﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات
ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي..........................................................247April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
6
ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ GENERAL
1. SCOPE
This Engineering Standard which is contained in
3 parts deals with the control of corrosive
environment by inhibitor.
1- داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻛﻪ از 3 ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪه، ﻛﻨﺘﺮل
ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺧﻮرﻧﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه را ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ.
Part one: Covers general
requirements for
controlling of corrosive
environments.
ﺑﺨﺶ ﻳﻚ: ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل
ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎي ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه.
Part two: Specifies requirements
for controlling of
corrosive environments
involved in petroleum
and petrochemical
industries.
ﺑﺨﺶدو: ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﺰاﻣـــﺎت ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل
ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎي ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ
ﻧﻔﺖ و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ.
Part three: Specifies requirements
for controlling corrosive
environments involved in
utility systems (cooling
water and boiler water
systems).
ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﻪ: ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎي
ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺮوﻳﺲ
ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ (ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي آب ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻦ و
آبدﻳﮕﻬﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر).
This Standard may involve hazardous materials,
operation, and equipment, but the standard does
not purport to address all of the safety problems,
it is the responsibility of the user of the standard
to establish appropriates.
اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ درﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪه ﻣﻮاد ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎك، ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت
و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﮔﺮدد، اﻣﺎ ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ ادﻋﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻼت
اﻳﻤﻨﻲ را ﻣﻮرد ﺧﻄﺎب ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ، ﻧﺪارد ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ آن ﺑﻪ
ﻋﻬﺪه اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﻨﻨﺪه از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻲ را
ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺳﺎزد.
Note 1:
This bilingual standard is a revised version of the
standard specification by the relevant technical
committee on April 2010 , which is issued as
revision (1) Revision (0) of the said standard
specification is with drawn.
ﻳﺎدآوري1:
اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد دو زﺑﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ
ﻛﻪ در ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل 1389 ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ
اﻧﺠﺎم و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ (1) اراﻳﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد. از اﻳﻦ ﭘﺲ
وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ (0) اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻣﻨﺴﻮخ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Note 2:
In case of conflict between farsi and English
languages, English language shall govern.
ﻳﺎدآوري2:
در ﺻﻮرت اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ و اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ، ﻣﺘﻦ اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ
ﻣﻼك ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
2. REFERENCES
Throughout this Standard the following dated and
undated standards/codes are referred to. These
referenced documents shall, to the extent
specified herein, form a part of this standard. For
dated references, the edition cited applies. The
applicability of changes in dated references that
occur after the cited date shall be mutually agreed
upon by the Company and the Vendor. For
2- ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ
در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار و
ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ در زﻳﺮ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ، ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﻛﻪ
در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ، ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ
اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ. در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار، وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ
ﺷﺪه ﻣﻼك ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ در آﻧﻬﺎApril. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
7
undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced documents (including any
supplements and amendments) applies.
داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ و ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
اﺟﺮا ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ، آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ
اﻧﻀﻤﺎمﻛﻠﻴﻪ اﺻﻼﺣﺎتو ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎي آن ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
API (AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE) (آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ) API
API-RP-45 "Recommended Practice
for Biological Analysis
of Subsurface Injection
Waters"
API-RP-45 "ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ
آﺑﻬﺎي ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ".
ASTM (AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR
TESTING AND MATERIALS)
ASTM (اﻧﺠﻤﻦآزﻣﻮنوﻣﻮاد آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ)
ASTM D 3948 "Standard Test Method
for Determining Water
Separation
Characteristics of
Aviation Turbine Fuels
by Portable Separator"
ASTM D 3948 " روش آزﻣﻮن اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي
ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎي ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ آب
از ﺳﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ
ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل"
ASTM Standard G-87 "Standard Practice
Conducting Moist So2
Tests".
اﻧﺠﺎم ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي" ASTM Standard G-87
آزﻣﻮﻧﻬﺎي ﮔﺎزدي اﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﮔﻮﮔﺮد
ﻣﺮﻃﻮبﻛﻨﻨﺪه.
ASTM Standard D-3241
"Standard Test Method
for Thermal Oxidation
Stability of Aviation
Turbine Fuels (JFTOT
Procedure)
ASTM Standard D-3241
" روش آزﻣﻮن اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي
ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﺪاري اﻛﺴﺎﻳﺶ
ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺳﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ
(دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ JFTOT)
ASTM G170 "Guide for Evaluating
and Qualifying Oil Field
and Refinery Corrosion
Inhibitors in the
Laboratory"
ASTM G170 "راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل
ﻛﻴﻔﻲ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪهﻫﺎي ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ
ﻣﻴﺎدﻳﻦ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ و ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه در
آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه.
BSI (BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION) (اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎيﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ) BSI
BS 2690 Part 121 "Water Used in Industry
Dissolved Solid
Gravimetric Method
(after Evaporation) "
Part 121 BS 2690 "آب ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ در ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ: روش
ﺛﻘﻞ ﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﺣﻞ ﺷﺪه
(ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ)"
IPS (IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARDS) (اﻳﺮان اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎيﻧﻔﺖ) IPS
IPS-C-TP-101 "Construction Standard
for Surface Preparation"
ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد" IPS-C-TP-101
آﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﺳﻄﺢ"April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
8
IPS-E-TP-100 "Engineering Standard for
Paints"
"رﻧﮕﻬﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ" IPS-E-TP-100
IPS-E-TP-270 "Engineering Standard for
Protective Coatings for
Buried and Submerged Steel
Structures "
IPS-E-TP-270 "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻮﺷﺸﻬﺎي
ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﻻدي ﻣﺪﻓﻮن و
ﻏﻮﻃﻪ ور"
IPS-E-TP-350 "Engineering Standard for
Linings"
IPS-E-TP-350 "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻮﺷﺶﻫﺎي
داﺧﻠﻲ"
IPS-E-TP-740 "Engineering Standard for
Corrosion Considerations in
Material Selection"
IPS-E-TP-740 "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت
ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ در اﻧﺘﺨﺎبﻣﻮاد"
IPS-E-TP-760 "Engineering Standard for
Corrosion Considerations in
Design"
IPS-E-TP-760 "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت
ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ "
IPS-E-TP-820 "Engineering Standard for
Cathodic Protection
IPS-E-TP-820 "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ
ﻛﺎﺗﺪي"
IPS-I-TP-802 "Inspection Standard for
Corrosion Survey &
Inhibitor Evaluation "
IPS-I-TP-802 "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ
و ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه"
IPS-M-TP-673 "Material Standard for
Inhibitor for hydrochloric
Acid as Descaling and
Pickling Solution"
IPS-M-TP-673 "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮاد ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﺑﺮاي
اﺳﻴﺪﻛﻠﺮﻳﺪرﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان رﺳﻮبزداﻳﻲ و
ﻣﺤﻠﻮل اﺳﻴﺪﺷﻮﻳﻲ"
IPS-M-TP-675 "Material and Equipment
Standard for Inhibiting
Package for Cooling Water
Systems"
IPS-M-TP-675 "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮاد و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺴﺘﻪ
ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي آبﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻦ"
IPS-E-TP-700 "Engineering Standard for
Thermal Insulutions"
IPS-E-TP-700"اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺎﻳﻖﻫﺎي
ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ"
ISO (INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDIZATION ORGANIZATION)
ISO (ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲاﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد)
ISO 15156-1 "Petroleum and Natural Gas
Industries-Materials for Use
in H2
S – Containing
Environments in Oil and Gas
Production-Part 1: General
Principles for Selection of
Cracking-Resistant
Materials"
ISO 15156-1 "ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ- ﻣﻮاد
H2 در
ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ در ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎي داراي S
ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز – ﺑﺨﺶ اول: اﺻﻮل
ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻘﺎوم در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ
ﺗﺮكﺧﻮردن"
NACE (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF
CORROSION ENGINEERS)
NACE (اﻧﺠﻤﻦﻣﻠﻲﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎنﺧﻮردﮔﻲ)
TM 01 69 "Laboratory Corrosion
Testing of Metals"(1995
TM 01 69 "آزﻣﻮن آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻓﻠﺰات" April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
9
Revision) (1995 اﺻﻼﺣﻴﻪ)
TM 03 74 "Standard Test Method
Laboratory Screening Tests
to Determine the Ability of
Scale Inhibitors to Prevent
The Precipitation of Calcium
Sulfate and Calcium
Carbonate from Solution (for
Oil and Gas Production
Systems)-
TM 03 74 "روش آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ آزﻣﻮن اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﻮان ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه
ﻫﺎي رﺳﻮبزدا در ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از رﺳﻮب
ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎت و ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻛﺮﺑﻨﺎت از
ﻣﺤﻠﻮل (ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ و
ﮔﺎز)"
RP 02 72 (1972) "Direct Calculation of
Economic Appraisals of
Corrosion Control Measures"
(RP 02 72 (1972 "ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﺮآورد اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي
اﻗﺪاﻣﺎتﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ"
NACE Report 10182
"Wheel Test Procedure
Utilizes a Revolving Wheel
to which Sample Bottles Are
Attached"
NACEReport 10182
"روش آزﻣﻮن ﭼﺮخ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭼﺮخ
دواري ﻛﻪ ﺑﻄﺮي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ آن
ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ"
NACE TPC-8 "Industrial Cleaning
Manual"
NACE TPC-8 "ﻛﺘﺎﺑﭽﻪ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻛﺎري ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ"
T-8 (Sep. 1971) " Refinery corrosion" "ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ" T-8 (Sep. 1971)
Other References:
1) C.C Nathan and C.L Dulaney.
Statistical Concepts in Testing of
Dispersants, I. & E.C. Prod. Res. and
Dev. (1970), December.
ﻣﺮاﺟﻊدﻳﮕﺮ:
1) ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ آﻣﺎري در آزﻣﻮن ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪه ﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ،
I. & E.C. Prod. Res. and Dev. (1970),
December
C.C Nathan and C.L Dulaney.
2) C.C. Nathan and C.L. Dulaney.
Statistical Concepts Facilitate
Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibitors,
Materials Protection 10, 21-25 (1971),
February.
2) ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪهﻫﺎي
ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ، ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﻮاد
10, 21-25 (1971), February.
3) Economic Data on Chemical Treatment
of Gulf Coast Cooling Waters, Corrosion
11, 61-62 (1965), Nov., reported by
NACE Recirculating Cooling Water
Sub-committee.
3) دادهﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي آب ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻦﻫﺎي
11, 61-62 (1965), Nov ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ،ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﺳﺎﺣﻞ
ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ NACE ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ
آبﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻦ ﮔﺮدﺷﻲ .
Publications
a) Source Book (a collection of outstanding
articles from the technical literature).
Seymur. K. Coburn NACE, third
printing, July 1985.
اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات:
اﻟﻒ) ﻛﺘﺎب ﻣﺮﺟﻊ (ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪاي از ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻧﻔﻴﺲ از
ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎتﻓﻨﻲ)
Seymur. K. Coburn NACE, third
printing, (ﭼﺎپﺳﻮم) July 1985April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
10
b) Corrosion Control and Monitoring in
Gas Pipelines and Well Systems.
Robert G. ASPE NGFR NACE,
Copyright 1989, NACE.
ب) ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ در ﺧﻄﻮط ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﮔﺎز و
ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﭼﺎه.
Robert G. ASPE NGFR NACE,
Copyright 1989, NACE
c) Corrosion Engineering Mans. Fontana,
Copyright 1986.
ج) ﻛﺘﺎبﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ
Mans. Fontana, Copyright 1986
d) Corrosion Prevention in the Process
Industries R.N. Parkins, NACE,
Copyright 1990.
د) ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ در ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي.
R.N. Parkins, NACE, Copyright 1990.
e) Corrosion Prevention NACE, Course
No. 2. Frank E. Rizzo, 1974.
ﻫ) ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ.
NACE, Course No. 2. Frank E. Rizzo,
1974
f) Corrosion Inhibitor for Oil and Gas
Products from Metals handbook, Ninth
Edition, Volume 13, Corrosion.
و) ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺮآوردهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و ﻧﻔﺖ از
ﻛﺘﺎبراﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﻓﻠﺰات. وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ 9، ﺟﻠﺪ 13، ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ.
g) Plant Design and Economics for
Chemical Engineers, Copyright 1981,
Timmeuhous, Kalus D.
ز) ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﺑﺮاي ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﻤﻲ.
Copyright 1981, Timmeuhous, Kalus D
h) ISO 9003: 1994, Quality Systems-Model
for Quality Assurance in Final
Inspection and Tests.
ح) ISO 9003: 1994 ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻛﻴﻔﻲ- اﻟﮕﻮﻳﻲ
ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ در ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ و آزﻣﻮﻧﻬﺎي
ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ.
i) Corrosion Inhibitors, An Industrial
Guide, Copyright 1987 by Ernest W.
Flick, published in the U.S.A.
ط) راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪهﻫﺎيﺧﻮردﮔﻲ در ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ
Copyright 1987 by Ernest W. Flick,
published in the U.S.A.
j) International Approaches to Reducing
Corrosion Costs (sponsored by the
NACE, International Relations
Committee).
ي) روﻳﻜﺮدﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ
(ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ رواﺑﻂﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ NACE).
k) Oil and Gas Journal, 117 (1965) May, 3,
Entitled "New Fast Approach to
Reduced Preheat Exchanger".
ك) ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز " 117 (1965) May, 3 ﺑﺎ
ﻋﻨﻮان روﻳﻜﺮد ﺳﺮﻳﻊ و ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از
ﻣﺒﺪل ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮمﻛﻦ "
l) "Refinery Corrosion", September 1971,
Meeting of NACE T-8.
ل) ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه.
September 1971, Meeting of NACE T-8.
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY
Additive
A Substance added in a small amount, usually to
a fluid, for a special purpose, such as to reduce
friction, corrosion, etc.
3- ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ وواژﮔﺎن
ﻣﺎدهاﻓﺰودﻧﻲ
ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻣﺎدهاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺎل، ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺪف
ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺻﻄﻜﺎك، ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ وﻏﻴﺮه اﻓﺰوده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد.April. 2010/ 1389ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ IPS-E-TP- 780(1)
11
Aqueous
Pertaining to water; an aqueous solution is made
by using water as a solvent.
ﻣﺤﻠﻮلآﺑﻲ
ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل آﺑﻲ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﺳﺎﺧﺖ آن از آب ﺑﻪ
ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﻼل اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد.
Bactericide
Chemicals that kill bacteria.
ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻛُﺶ
ﻣﻮاد ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي را از ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺮد.
Bacteriostat
A substance which prevents or retards the growth
of bacteria.
ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮياﻳﺴﺘﺎ
ﻣﺎدهاي ﻛﻪ رﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي را ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻳﺎﻛُﻨﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ.
Biocide
A chemical which kills other of life in addition to
bacteria.
آﻓﺖ ﻛُﺶ
ﻣﺎده ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛــﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑــﺮ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي، دﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدات زﻧﺪه
را ﻧﻴﺰﻣﻲﻛُﺸﺪ.
Biological Corrosion
Corrosion as a result of the metabolic activity of
micro organisms.
ﺧﻮردﮔﻲﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ
ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺳﻮﺧﺖ و ﺳﺎزﻣﻮﺟﻮداتﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ.
Biostat
A chemical which retards growth of other forms
of life in addition to bacteria.
آﻓﺖ اﻳﺴﺘﺎ
ﻣﺎده ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎ، رﺷﺪ اﻧﻮاع دﻳﮕﺮﻣﻮﺟﻮدات
زﻧﺪه را ﻧﻴﺰﻛُﻨﺪ ﻣﻲﺳﺎزد.
Cathodic Inhibitor
A chemical substance or combination of
substances that prevent or reduce the rate of
cathodic or reduction reaction by a physical,
physico-chemical or chemical action.
ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪهﻛﺎﺗﺪي
ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎده ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از ﻣﻮاد ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ واﻛﻨﺶ
ﻛﺎﺗﺪي ﻳﺎ اﻛﺴﺎﻳﺶ را از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ، ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ
ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻛﺮده ﻳﺎﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ.
Cathodic Polarization
Polarization of the cathode; change of the
electrode potential in the active (negative)
direction due to current flow; a reduction from
the initial potential resulting from current flow
effects at or near the cathode surface. Potential
becomes more active (negative) because of
cathodic polarization.
ﭘﻼرﻳﺰاﺳﻴﻮنﻛﺎﺗﺪي
ﭘﻼرﻳﺰاﺳﻴﻮن ﻛﺎﺗﺪ: ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺮود در ﺟﻬﺖ ﻓﻌﺎل
(ﻣﻨﻔﻲ) ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﻋﺒﻮر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ؛ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از
ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮات ﻋﺒﻮر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ آن اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ
دﻟﻴﻞ ﭘﻼرﻳﺰاﺳﻴﻮن ﻛﺎﺗﺪي، ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ، ﻓﻌﺎل (ﻣﻨﻔﻲ) ﺗﺮﻣﻲﺷﻮد.
Cavitation
Cavitation is a particular kind of erosioncorrosion caused by the formation and collapse of
vapor bubbles in a liquid contacting a metal
surface. The resultant shock forces reach high
levels in local areas and can tear out jagged
chunks of brittle materials or deform soft metals.
Where the environment is corrosive, severity of
cavitation damage increases.
ﺧﻮردﮔﻲﺣﺒﺎﺑﻲ
ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﺣﺒﺎﺑﻲ ﻧﻮع ﺧﺎﺻﻲ از ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﺳﺎﻳﺸﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در
ﺗﻤﺎس ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻠﺰ در اﺛﺮ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ و ﻓﺮوﭘﺎﺷﻲ
ﺣﺒﺎﺑﻬﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر اﻳﺠﺎدﻣﻲﮔﺮدد. ﺑﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺮوﻫﺎي ﺷﻮك در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ
ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻻ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﺮده و ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ
ﻧﺎﻫﻤﻮارﻫﺎﻳﻲ رادر ﻣﻮادﺗﺮدﺑﻮﺟﻮدآوردﻳﺎ ﻓﻠﺰات ﻧـﺮمرا ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ
ﺷﻜﻞ دﻫﺪ. در ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎي ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه، ﺷﺪت ﺧﺴﺎرت ﺣﺒﺎﺑﻲ
اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ.
Cell
A circuit consisting of an anode and a cathode in
ﭘﻴﻞ

ﻣﺪاري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻚ آﻧﺪ و ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﺗﻤﺎس اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﺎ